Sustancia adictivas y embarazo: Cuidados de enfermería a la mujer embarazada y al recién nacido para minimizar sus efectos

Abstract

Introduction The consumption of psychoactive substances or drugs by women has negative effects on their health. However, in case of pregnancy, problems will arise in the development of the fetus and dependence on the newborn, which may develop the Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Description Addiction to drugs during pregnancy has consequences in the development of the fetus and can cause dependence on the neonate, resulting in the Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, which is characterized by a set of symptoms and signs of hyperexcitability due to cessation of addictive substances. The nurse has an important role, not only in the early recruitment of pregnancy women who are consuming addictive substances, but also in the care of the nerwborn with neonatal abstinence. Conclusions Well-trained nurses play an important role in early detection of pregnant women with addiction and in the assessment of susceptible newborns to develop Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, as well as in the care of those who have already developed it, to minimize the effects and to help to improve the newborns’ well-being.